Treatment and prevention of radiation complications during radiotherapy of cervical cancer
Ivankova V.S., Stoliarova O.Yu., Khrulenko T.V., Baranovska L.M.
Summary. The main task of radiation treatment of cervical cancer is the selection of optimal conditions under which the primary tumor and the zones of its regional distribution are subject to the maximum destructive effect with a minimum radiation load on the bladder and rectum (critical organs). The use of modern technologies of topometric preparation, individual computer planning, and correct reproduction of the planned course of combined radiation therapy contributes to the reduction of early radiation reactions and is a prevention of late complications. Multipurpose prevention of radiation damage should include a complex of local and systemic therapeutic measures. Dynamic monitoring, drug prophylaxis and timely correction of treatment programs contribute to the fact that chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer does not lead to an increase in toxic radiation reactions and the manifestation of complications from critical organs and tissues. Materials and methods. Chemoradiotherapy has been done to 192 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer IIB–IIIB tumor stage (T2b–3bN0–1M0) by developed methods of the complex conservative therapy. Results. These methods are based on individual planning of radiotherapy on the criterion of not exceeding the level of tolerance for normal tissues. The expressiveness of general and local chemoradiation reactions on the part of «critical» organs and systems was also evaluated. Conclusion. Local prevention of radiation complications using hyaluronic acid drugs, which are an effective and safe therapy for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced cystitis, therefore, the use of cytostatic drugs in radiomodifying doses in the process of combined radiation therapy does not lead to an increase in the number and degree of expression of toxic manifestations above II degree.
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