CD8+ and IL-8 changes in the tumor tissue for chemioresistant advanced breast cancer patients after liposomal pegylated doxorubicin therapy in different modifications
Movchan O.V.1, Lyashenko A.O.1, Shcherbina O.V. 2
- 1Nonprofit Organization National Cancer Institute, Kyiv, Ukraine
- 2Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Summary. By 2024, 7.8 million women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in the last 5 years, making it the most common type of cancer in the world. Tumor-associated lymphocytes, such as CD8+, can express pro-malignant mediators such as IL-8, and this inflammatory cytokine further promotes the expression of factors supporting the breast cancer tumor, which can lead to the development of insensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy. The study included 30 patients with chemoresistant advanced breast cancer stage IIB–IIIB luminal subtype B. CD8+ and IL-8 were determined in the tumor tissue for all patients. Patients divided into two groups: group I (15 patients) — liposomal pegylated doxorubicin (LPD) was administered and local magnetothermy was performed on the breast tumor locus once every 4 weeks, a total of 4 courses; group II (15 patients) — LPD therapy was performed once every 4 weeks, a total of 4 courses. In first group — CD8+ increased 2.48 times in the tumor after LPD therapy against the background of local moderate magnetothermy, and were significantly (p ≤0.05) higher when compared with the same indicators before therapy; IL-8 indicators decreased almost twice, but the IL-8 indicator statistically significantly (p <0.05) remained 1.21 times higher compared to the norm; in second group — CD8+ increased 2.37 times in the tumor after the therapy, IL-8 levels decreased 1.31 times, which is 29.41% lower than in the first group. The use of liposomal pegylated forms of chemotherapy drugs for cancer treatment is a new and very promising approach. The most significant changes in the tumor tissue of patients with locally advanced breast cancer, with certain chemoresistance, were found in IL-8 values, which were higher than the norm by an average of two times, CD8+ lower than the norm by more than two times. After therapy based on liposomal pegylated forms of doxorubicin, an increase in the level of CD8+ in the tumor bed was noted and was more pronounced in the first group, which indicates a positive prognostic value for reducing the risk of relapse and possible overcoming of insensitivity to treatment in breast cancer.
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