Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia: current management strategies and prospects for the use of eltrombopag in Ukraine
Summary. Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is one of the most common and clinically significant complications of systemic anticancer therapy, limiting the ability to deliver treatment according to the planned schedule and adversely affecting oncological outcomes. This article summarizes current evidence on the pathogenesis of CIT, including the direct cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents on the megakaryocytic lineage of hematopoiesis, disruption of the bone marrow microenvironment, dysregulation of thrombopoietin, and immune-mediated platelet destruction. The severity criteria, epidemiological characteristics, and risk factors for the development of CIT in patients with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies are also reviewed. Particular attention is given to the thrombopoietin receptor agonist eltrombopag as a promising pathogenetically targeted approach to the management of CIT. Its molecular mechanism of action, clinical efficacy, and safety profile are analyzed based on findings from recent studies. Evidence indicates that eltrombopag reduces the incidence of severe thrombocytopenia, decreases the need for platelet transfusions, helps maintain the relative dose intensity of chemotherapy, and improves treatment outcomes. The article also discusses the prospects for the use of eltrombopag in Ukraine in light of the increasing availability of generic formulations.
Leave a comment