Irreversible electroporation as an alternative treatment method in oncology: biophysical and molecular mechanisms, technical aspects and current capabilities of the method (literature review)
Movchan V.I., Stakhovsky E.O., Voylenko O.A., Vitruk Y.V., Stakhovskyi O.E. , Kononenko O.A. , Romanenko O.V.
Summary. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a modern method of focal non-thermal ablation of tumors, which allows direct destructive effects on tumor cells. The technology is based on the use of short-term high-voltage electrical pulses, which cause the formation of permanent nanoscale pores in the cell membrane, initiating cell death without causing damage to surrounding tissues. This article reviews the literature and analyzes the basic biophysical and molecular mechanisms of IRE, the technical aspects of the procedure, and the indications and contraindications for its use. Particular attention is paid to the immunological effects of IRE and the prospect of combining it with immunotherapy.
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